Can Llama 3.1 405B run on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB?

Q: What should I upgrade first if Llama 3.1 405B feels slow on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB?

Remove offload with more accelerator memory. Prioritize a GPU or unified-memory tier that fits the whole model natively. Removing offload usually helps more than small compute gains.

YES — With Q3_K_S

B65Good

Estimated from fit model

Llama 3.1 405B needs ~226.2 GB VRAM. AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB has 192.0 GB. With Q3_K_S quantization, expect ~11 tok/s.

Runtime: llama.cppCapacity: OffloadBandwidth: HighStack: StandardBottleneck: Host offload

Operating mode

Choose the run profile you care about

Interactive favors responsiveness, while light API and scale-out lean harder on serving readiness. The fit stays the same, but the recommendation lens changes.

Current mode

Balanced

Balanced for general local use. Keeps the ranking neutral across personal and serving workflows.

Llama 3.1 405B at Q4_K_M needs 274.8 GB — too much for AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB (192.0 GB). Runs at Q3_K_S (226.2 GB) with low quality. 2 quantization levels fit.

Capabilities:

Select quantization to explore

Q4_K_M (Medium quality) — 274.8 GB, exceeds 192.0 GB available

274.8 GB required192.0 GB available

143% VRAM needed

82.8 GB over capacity — needs offload or smaller quantization

Fit status

Too heavy

Decode

6.5 tok/s

TTFT

30009 ms

Safe context

Memory

274.8 GB / 192.0 GB

Offload

30%

Memory breakdown

Weights247.1 GB

KV Cache7.7 GB

Runtime0.9 GB

Headroom19.2 GB

See how fast it feels

With memory offload — actual speed may be lower

See how fast it feelsLlama 3.1 405B on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB
1st promptCold start — includes initialization
>Write a Python function to sort a list
Here's a Python function that sorts a list using quicksort:

def quicksort(arr):
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    pivot = arr[len(arr) // 2]
    left   = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]
    middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]
    right  = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]
    return quicksort(left) + middle + quicksort(right)

# Example usage
numbers = [3, 6, 8, 10, 1, 2, 1]
print(quicksort(numbers))  # [1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10]

The algorithm picks a pivot, partitions the list into smaller, equal, and larger elements, then recursively sorts each partition and concatenates the results.
2nd promptWarm — model ready, no init overhead
>Now add type hints and a docstring
def quicksort(arr: list[int]) -> list[int]:
    """Sort a list using the quicksort algorithm.

    Args:
        arr: List of integers to sort.

    Returns:
        A new sorted list.
    """
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    pivot = arr[len(arr) // 2]
    left   = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]
    middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]
    right  = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]
    return quicksort(left) + middle + quicksort(right)

Added type hints for the input and return type, plus a Google-style docstring.
Estimated: 6.5 tok/s decode · 30.0s TTFT (warm) · 16 tok/s prefill

What limits this setup

It fits through host-memory offload, and offload is the main reason performance drops.

CPU or host-memory offload is active

About 20% of the working set spills out of accelerator memory, which usually hurts latency and sustained decode throughput.

Very little memory headroom

You can run the model, but there is not much room left for longer context, bigger batches, extra apps, or future model updates.

Best improvement path

Remove offload with more accelerator memory

Prioritize a GPU or unified-memory tier that fits the whole model natively. Removing offload usually helps more than small compute gains.

Buy headroom, not only minimum fit

A slightly larger memory tier gives you safer context growth and makes the recommendation more future-proof.

Increase host RAM if you keep offloading

This setup may need roughly 30.0 GB of extra host RAM just for the offloaded portion, before OS and other tools.

Performance by workload

Workload	Grade	Fit	Decode	TTFT	Context
Chat	F	Too heavy	6.6 tok/s	15890 ms	4K
Coding	F	Too heavy	6.5 tok/s	30009 ms	4K
Agentic Coding	F	Too heavy	6.1 tok/s	46261 ms	4K
Reasoning	F	Too heavy	6.5 tok/s	35466 ms	4K
RAG	F	Too heavy	6.1 tok/s	57826 ms	4K

Quantization options

How Llama 3.1 405B (405B params) fits at each quantization level on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB (192.0 GB usable).

Quant	Bits	VRAM	Quality	Fit
Q2_K	2	158.0 GB	Low	F0
Q3_K_S	3	198.5 GB	Low	F0
NVFP4	4

Get started

Copy-paste commands to run Llama 3.1 405B on your machine.

Run

ollama run llama3.1:405b

Upgrade options

Hardware that runs Llama 3.1 405B well

AMD Instinct MI350X 288GBBudget pick

288 GB VRAM (+96)8000 GB/s (+2700)

Makes the model fit on the accelerator instead of staying completely out of reach.25.9 tok/s decode

Makes the model fit on the accelerator instead of staying completely out of reach.

Removes host-memory offload, which is usually the single biggest latency and throughput win.

~$8,000 MSRP

AMD Instinct MI325X 256GBBest value

256 GB VRAM (+64)6000 GB/s (+700)

Makes the model fit on the accelerator instead of staying completely out of reach.11.9 tok/s decode

Makes the model fit on the accelerator instead of staying completely out of reach.

Raises estimated decode speed by about 83%.

~$20,000 MSRP

Frequently asked questions

Can AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB run Llama 3.1 405B?

Yes, AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB can run Llama 3.1 405B at Q3_K_S quantization (Very compromised (needs ~30 GB host RAM)). The recommended Q4_K_M requires 274.8 GB which exceeds available memory, but at Q3_K_S it needs only 226.2 GB. Expected decode speed: 11.3 tok/s.

How much VRAM does Llama 3.1 405B need?

Llama 3.1 405B (405B parameters) requires approximately 274.8 GB at Q4_K_M quantization. On AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB, it fits at Q3_K_S using 226.2 GB.

What is the best quantization for Llama 3.1 405B?

The recommended quantization is Q4_K_M, but on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB the best fitting quantization is Q3_K_S, which uses 226.2 GB.

What speed will Llama 3.1 405B run at on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB?

On AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB, Llama 3.1 405B achieves approximately 11.3 tokens per second decode speed with a time-to-first-token of 17209ms using Q3_K_S quantization.

Can AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB run Llama 3.1 405B for coding?

For coding workloads, Llama 3.1 405B on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB receives a F grade with 6.5 tok/s and 4K context.

What context window can Llama 3.1 405B use on AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB?

On AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB, Llama 3.1 405B can safely use up to 4K tokens of context at Q3_K_S quantization. The model's official context limit is 131K, but available memory constrains the safe maximum.

See all results for AMD Instinct MI300X 192GB See all hardware for Llama 3.1 405B

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