Can Gemma 3 12B run on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB?

Q: Is unified memory on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB as fast as VRAM for Gemma 3 12B?

Not always. MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB can often fit larger models thanks to unified memory, but a discrete GPU with dedicated high-bandwidth VRAM may still decode faster once the model fits. For this combination, the important distinction is capacity versus sustained throughput.

YES — Runs Great

A82Great

Estimated from fit model

Gemma 3 12B needs ~16.6 GB VRAM. MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB has 23.0 GB. With Q4_K_M quantization, expect ~24 tok/s.

Runtime: llama.cppCapacity: RoomyBandwidth: LowStack: StandardBottleneck: Balanced

Operating mode

Choose the run profile you care about

Interactive favors responsiveness, while light API and scale-out lean harder on serving readiness. The fit stays the same, but the recommendation lens changes.

Current mode

Balanced

Balanced for general local use. Keeps the ranking neutral across personal and serving workflows.

Capabilities:

Select quantization to explore

Q4_K_M (Medium quality) — 16.6 GB, 23.9 tok/s, Runs well

16.6 GB required23.0 GB available

72% VRAM used

Fit status

Runs well

Decode

23.9 tok/s

TTFT

8095 ms

Safe context

37K

Memory

16.6 GB / 23.0 GB

Memory breakdown

Weights7.3 GB

KV Cache4.9 GB

Runtime0.9 GB

Headroom3.5 GB

See how fast it feels

See how fast it feelsGemma 3 12B on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB
1st promptCold start — includes initialization
>Write a Python function to sort a list
Here's a Python function that sorts a list using quicksort:

def quicksort(arr):
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    pivot = arr[len(arr) // 2]
    left   = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]
    middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]
    right  = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]
    return quicksort(left) + middle + quicksort(right)

# Example usage
numbers = [3, 6, 8, 10, 1, 2, 1]
print(quicksort(numbers))  # [1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10]

The algorithm picks a pivot, partitions the list into smaller, equal, and larger elements, then recursively sorts each partition and concatenates the results.
2nd promptWarm — model ready, no init overhead
>Now add type hints and a docstring
def quicksort(arr: list[int]) -> list[int]:
    """Sort a list using the quicksort algorithm.

    Args:
        arr: List of integers to sort.

    Returns:
        A new sorted list.
    """
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    pivot = arr[len(arr) // 2]
    left   = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]
    middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]
    right  = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]
    return quicksort(left) + middle + quicksort(right)

Added type hints for the input and return type, plus a Google-style docstring.
Estimated: 23.9 tok/s decode · 8.1s TTFT (warm) · 60 tok/s prefill

What limits this setup

This setup is broadly balanced for this model.

Shared-memory contention still exists

The OS, browser, and inference runtime all compete for the same physical memory pool, so real-world headroom is less forgiving than raw capacity suggests.

Best improvement path

Performance by workload

Workload	Grade	Fit	Decode	TTFT	Context
Chat	A	Runs well	23.9 tok/s	4415 ms	37K
Coding	A	Runs well	23.9 tok/s	8095 ms	37K
Agentic Coding	A	Tight fit	23.9 tok/s	11775 ms	37K
Reasoning	A	Runs well	23.9 tok/s	9567 ms	37K
RAG	A	Tight fit	23.9 tok/s	14718 ms	37K

Quantization options

How Gemma 3 12B (12B params) fits at each quantization level on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB (23.0 GB usable).

Quant	Bits	VRAM	Quality	Fit
Q2_K	2	4.7 GB	Low	A75
Q3_K_S	3	5.9 GB	Low	A76
NVFP4	4

Get started

Copy-paste commands to run Gemma 3 12B on your machine.

Run

ollama run gemma3:12b

Your hardware

More models your MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB can run

Model	Params	Grade	Decode	Capabilities
Qwen3-Coder 30B A3B Instruct	30.5B	A	29.9 tok/s
Qwen 3.5 27B	27B	S	13.3 tok/s

Frequently asked questions

Can MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB run Gemma 3 12B?

Yes, MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB can run Gemma 3 12B with a A grade (Runs well). Expected decode speed: 23.9 tok/s.

How much VRAM does Gemma 3 12B need?

Gemma 3 12B (12B parameters) requires approximately 16.6 GB of memory with Q4_K_M quantization.

What is the best quantization for Gemma 3 12B?

The recommended quantization for Gemma 3 12B is Q4_K_M, which balances quality and memory efficiency.

What speed will Gemma 3 12B run at on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB?

On MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB, Gemma 3 12B achieves approximately 23.9 tokens per second decode speed with a time-to-first-token of 8095ms using Q4_K_M quantization.

Can MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB run Gemma 3 12B for coding?

For coding workloads, Gemma 3 12B on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB receives a A grade with 23.9 tok/s and 37K context.

What context window can Gemma 3 12B use on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB?

On MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB, Gemma 3 12B can safely use up to 37K tokens of context. The model's official context limit is 131K, but available memory constrains the safe maximum.

Is unified memory on MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB as fast as VRAM for Gemma 3 12B?

See all results for MacBook Pro M1 Max 32GB See all hardware for Gemma 3 12B

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